This paper presents an analysis of the salmon catch in 2024 in the Far Eastern Fisheries Basin, which is based on the state monitoring data of the number of Pacific salmon approaches and official fishery statistics provided by the Territorial departments of the Federal Fisheries Agency. The reasons for the deviation of actual salmon catches from forecast estimates are analyzed.

The paper presents the results of the impact of abiotic and biotic environmental factors on the recruitment of northeastern Arctic haddock. Temperature, especially water temperature in the first winter, was found to have the most impact. There was a statistically significant negative relationship found between the haddock recruitment and the ice cover parameters and the oxygen concentration. When using generalized linear and additive models, there was a statistically significant relationship found between haddock recruitment and the total stock biomass of northeastern Atlantic cod. Being the main drivers of the haddock recruitment, temperature during the first winter and cod stock size work as antagonists so the higher is the temperature and the lower is the cod stock, the higher is the haddock recruitment.

The materials of long-term research of the Far Eastern soles fishery in the North Okhotsk subzone of the Sea of Okhotsk are presented using the example of the most widespread and used species in the fishery, the yellowfin sole (Limanda aspera). Since 2004, sole fishing has been actively developing in the Northern part of the Sea of Okhotsk, which in the next two decades will be carried out mainly in the relatively small water area of the Tauiskaya Bay and the adjacent waters of the Koni Peninsula. The paper presents the long-term average values of the main biological indicators of yellowfin sole from research catches and from catches on monitoring of industrial fishing. An analysis of the 20-year period of the soles fishery has shown its evolution both in terms of the tools used (from trawls to Danish seines) and in the main fishing period (from midsummer to late summer-early autumn). This could be a consequence of the combination of features of the marine geology of the Tauiskaya Bay area and the approach to the organization of fishing in general. An analysis of all available information on the biological status of the species most heavily trafficked and the effectiveness of the fishery itself suggests that at the present stage, the Far Eastern soles fishery in the Northern part of the Sea of Okhotsk has prospects for further development.

The age and size of the maturity reproduction of pollock individuals are subject to significant interannual variability. The main spawning of pollock on the shelf was observed: in Unimaksky district – in the 2nd decade of March and the 2nd decade of April, above depths of 75–100 m; in Pribilovsky district – in the 3rd decade of April, above depths of 70–75 m; in Matveevsky district – in the 1st decade of May, above depths of 115–140 m. In Unimak district, the main concentrations of pollock during the peak of spawning spatially coincided with the main concentrations of egg. Such coincidences were observed irregularly in the Pribylovsky and Matveevsky districts. In March, the larvae that originated from winter spawning lived not only above significant depths – 600–2000 m, with a favorable temperature regime (3,1–4,5 C), but also in the shelf zone of the Unimaksky district, where the development conditions are more severe. The largest catches of larvae of the spring generation were observed in mid-May and early June. The larvae of the spring generation are confined to the spawning ground, which indicates the absence of drift. The main reason for the variability of stocks is the number of generations included in the fishable stock. From 1980 to 2024, there were 8 high abundance generations. The average annual pollock catch in the area over a 45-year period was 1,2 million tons. Pollock stocks in the eastern Bering Sea are highly stable. Periods of low stock levels are short-lived and last several years. The average long-term exploitation rate was 12,6%, which indicates a relatively low harvest level.

The article examines the influence of the main abiotic factors influencing the formation of the Baltic herring stock in the eastern part of the Gulf of Finland from 1991 to 2022. For the Russian water area of the bay, the dynamics of herring catch, the number of yearlings and the commercial stock are presented; the size-weight relations and age composition in trawl catches are reflected; time schedules of the average values discharge of the Neva River, as well as the average monthly values of the main hydrometeorological parameters of the water characteristic of the spawning period of the Baltic herring are shown.

The article presents the results of a multivariate comparative analysis of seasonal sea surface temperature (SST) data (January-March) of research area – salmon wintering waters in the North-Western Pacific Ocean (NWPO) during 1998–2024 in accordance with their catches in the above mentioned years. There were obtained several variants of catches forecasts for 2025 of Pacific salmon in general and pink salmon in particular for the Russian Far East and separately for Kamchatka Region. For calculations there were used temperature data of 2025 winter season.

The current flounder fishery in the southwestern Bering Sea in 2011–2023 was analyzed. In recent years, there has been a trend toward an increase in their catch in the study area (from 3,3 to 6,2 thousand tons). The interannual dynamics of catches by area showed that the highest fishing intensity was noted in Karaginsky Bay (up to 4,2 thousand tons). The contribution of Ozernoy Bay to the total catch has increased compared to previous years. The main flounder fishery with danish seine during the year occurs in april-may, and with trawls – in the winter period with specialized catch of other fish species. The research results showed that, as before, the yellowfin flounder is currently dominant among the representatives of the Pleuronectidae family (65,6% on average).

Interannual changes in pink salmon abundance (catches and river entries) and seasonal dynamics of their approaches to their spawning areas in different stocks on the eastern coast of Sakhalin Island and Iturup Island in the 21st century were studied. It is shown that pink salmon catches and fish abundance in generations reached historically maximum values for both generative lines (odd and even years) between 2006 and 2013. This growth occurred against the background of a general increase in pink salmon catches in Russian Far Eastern waters, which many researchers attribute to the development of global processes in the biosphere. At the same time, the development of these processes was ambiguous in different areas, as evidenced by both asynchrony in inter-annual changes in the number of pink salmon of different stocks and the seasonal dynamics of fish approach to their breeding areas. Consequently, to ensure rational management of pink salmon stocks, it is necessary to take into account the peculiarities in the dynamics of each of its stocks in the region.

Interannual changes in pink salmon abundance (catches and river entries) and seasonal dynamics of their approaches to their spawning areas in different stocks on the eastern coast of Sakhalin Island and Iturup Island in the 21st century were studied. It is shown that pink salmon catches and fish abundance in generations reached historically maximum values for both generative lines (odd and even years) between 2006 and 2013. This growth occurred against the background of a general increase in pink salmon catches in Russian Far Eastern waters, which many researchers attribute to the development of global processes in the biosphere. At the same time, the development of these processes was ambiguous in different areas, as evidenced by both asynchrony in inter-annual changes in the number of pink salmon of different stocks and the seasonal dynamics of fish approach to their breeding areas. Consequently, to ensure rational management of pink salmon stocks, it is necessary to take into account the peculiarities in the dynamics of each of its stocks in the region.

The article is devoted to the application of statistical and mathematical models such as the growth curves of B. Gompertz, R. Pearl and L. Reed to commercial fish farming. Based on these models, an analysis of the current state and the possibility of using it in forecasting the development of production of sturgeon and salmon species is presented.

The study is aimed at assessing the physiological status of the Red King Crab (Paralithodes camtschaticus) of the Barents Sea population during the inter-larval period through the analysis of biochemical parameters of hemolymph. The relevance of the work is determined by the need to monitor populations under conditions of climatic changes, bioinvasions and increased fishing pressure. During field work in the Barents Sea (July-August 2022), hemolymph was sampled from males at different inter-larval stages, analyzing total protein, enzymes (AST, ALT, alkaline phosphatase), glucose, lipids and other parameters using a biochemical analyzer. The results revealed significant differences: at the second inter molt stage, a peak of AST activity (9,59±1,49 units/l) and total protein (14,68±1,01 g/l) was recorded, which is associated with intensive tissue growth after molting. Glucose and triglyceride levels were also higher in the early stages, reflecting increased energy expenditure. At the same time, total protein in Barents Sea crabs (13,36±0,71 g/l) was lower than literature norms (25–38 g/l), which may indicate stress caused by food competition or climatic changes. The decrease in cholesterol and triglycerides by the third stage indicates the completion of recovery processes. The work emphasizes the impact of molting on metabolism and the need to consider age specificity when assessing population health. The data obtained form the basis for the creation of a database of biochemical indicators important for predicting the species’ resistance to anthropogenic and natural stressors.

The results of studies of sturgeon fish species obtained using cryopreserved sperm and grown under the conditions of the NEKA «BIOS»: beluga born in 2019, 2021, 2023, which are included in the «Unique Scientific Facility» of the State Scientific Center of the Russian Federation of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «VNIRO» «Bioresource Collection of FBG»are considered. The aim of the work was to assess the fish-breeding, biological and physiological characteristics of beluga groups obtained using cryomaterial for the conservation and selection of the species. The methods of work included fish-breeding, biological, physiological studies of groups of fish obtained using cryopreserved sperm. The results of hydrochemical and hydrological conditions for keeping beluga repair groups, both during wintering and during summer rearing, have been obtained. An assessment of the size and mass characteristics of beluga individuals of different ages is given. Physiological blood parameters made it possible to assess the condition of the beluga cryo offspring as satisfactory. Breeding work on the formation of beluga groups obtained using cryopreserved sperm is carried out by the «eggto-egg» method, based on the results of molecular genetic analysis of samples of sperm and female beluga, with a genetic relatedness coefficient of 0,2–0,5. Mass selection in the first year of rearing in terms of exterior and size-weight indicators was not carried out, given the small number of juveniles obtained and their uniformity in size and weight indicators. Fish-breeding and biological materials will make it possible to plan further work aimed at the formation of a beluga broodstock with a high level of genetic diversity.

The article presents an analysis of scientifically based measures for regulating the design of selective qualities of mid-depth trawls for pollock fishing in the Far Eastern fishery basin of Russia, adopted in the USSR and the Russian Federation, and terms used in domestic industrial fishing that define net gear materials used to manufacture fishing gear, as well as the results of experimental work published in literary sources. Specific proposals for amending the current fishing rules in terms of increasing the efficiency of the achieved level of regulation of the selective qualities of mid-depth trawls are given and directions for further improvement of selectivity and organization of control of specialized pollock fishing are proposed.

In 2023–2024, observations on the implementation of recreation fishery of the Baikal omul were carried out for the first time. The volume of catch, the intensity of recreation fishery of Baikal omul and the catch structure were determined. the annual volume of fishing is estimated at 110 tons, and in winter «catches from the ice» reached 82%. Аnalysis of the catch structure showed that the individuals of the coastal morphological and ecological group formed the basis of catches.

The article substantiates the main trends in the transformation of the freshwater aquaculture industry and the directions for improving the organizational and economic mechanism of development.